Wednesday, December 25, 2019
The Afterlife Of Ancient Greece - 1955 Words
The Afterlife of the Ancient Greeks A Classical-Styled Argument Katie Vokes ENGL17889GD Jennifer Chambers December 12, 2015 The Afterlife of Ancient Greece Where do we go when we die? This is a question that most peopleââ¬âspiritual or notââ¬âask themselves at least once within their lifetime. In reality, this question is likely to never be answered, but is nevertheless an exciting area for study. Every culture, every religion and every individual person has some type of theory or belief on what happens to us after our bodies meet their final rest, and the ancient Greeks were no exception to this. The ancient Greek view on life after death is the most interesting to study, and belongs to perhaps one of the most influential belief systems to emerge within the ancient world. Rife with mythology and magic, the beliefs of the afterlife that were held by the ancient Greek people included the idea of a heaven vs. hell, reincarnation and the notion of ââ¬Ëkatabasisââ¬â¢, and were so powerful they paved the way for future religionsââ¬â¢ ideologies. The ancient Greeks were a highly superstitious and spiritual people. As the Gree ks had no written book or scripture of their faith, it can be assumed that the ancient peoples lived their lives based on the stories told within their mythology. Mythology was used for various reasons, the three major ones being as a cosmogony, as etiological stories to explain otherwise unexplainable phenomena, and as a means to deter mortals fromShow MoreRelatedSimilarities Between Ancient Egypt And Ancient Greece1103 Words à |à 5 PagesAncient Egypt (3000 BCE ââ¬â 30 BCE) and Ancient Greece (1200 BCE ââ¬â 146 BCE) based their entire lives around their religious beliefs. These beliefs led to their religious practices which were included in every aspect of their lives. Since ancient Greeceââ¬â¢s and ancient Egyptââ¬â¢s beliefs differ greatly, endless differences can be shown between their religious practices. However, between the two cultures, many surprising similarities can be seen in these religious practices despite the tremendous differencesRead MoreEssay abo ut Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece903 Words à |à 4 Pagesââ¬Å"Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greeceâ⬠According to history there existed two of many important ancient civilizations that left a significant mark in the history of human development that even today leaves modern society in awe of its greatness. In spite of being distant civilizations, Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece share similarities and difference in terms of how they practiced religion,political structure, everyday life style, and how they built the monumental architectures that continued to amazeRead MoreThe Superstitious And Mythical Figure Of The Vampire988 Words à |à 4 Pagesfrom the dead and lives of the living, by draining humans of their blood, until a it is impaled by a wooden stick or burned. In ancient history we see the myth of the vampire appearing in burial traditions, showing vast similarities to the modern day definition of the vampire. We see this appear in various cultures and regions like the Tibetans, ancient Babylonia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome (Wotherspoon, 6-8). In The Tibetan Book of the Dead, it is explained by Lama Kazi Dawa that, they believe if a spiritRead MoreThe Eleusinian Mysteries Of Ancient Greece1690 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Eleusinian Mysteries Religion is interwoven in the social, cultural and economic life of all civilisations and Ancient Greece was no exception. Typically, most religion in Ancient Greece was civic in nature, however, in the fifth century B.C., mystery religions began to gain popularity. Shrouded in secrecy, the mystery religions provided a more personal approach to religion, fascinating initiates and capturing the imagination of the Greek populace. The most popular of these mystery cults wasRead MoreThe Greek And Greek Culture1674 Words à |à 7 Pagesfocused in on the Persian Wars. Greece defeated the persians, but Egypt did not which is a pretty interesting fact. In my essay I am going to try and find out how much different the Greek Culture is from the Egyptian. Values were important to people in both countries, just in a different form. In greece Gods play a huge role in the religious aspect of life, it is almost similar in Egypt considering they both share Gods in a way, Egypt has some of the same Gods as Greece. The majority of the Gods namesRead MoreThe City Of Ancient Greece1223 Words à |à 5 PagesThe city-states of ancient Greece were at constant strife with each other. They utterly detested each other and were solely independent. However, many factors unified the Greeks, loosely, at all times, and they even brought the Greeks together at times. These factors came to be because of their similarities of traditions and beliefs. Language, religion, and athletics were all results of these factors. Language unified because everyone would understand what was being said by anyone, and athleticsRead MoreGreek Material Culture1348 Words à |à 6 Pagessay, and prove, that Greek material culture reveals an immense amount about ancient Greek society. From vast studies and examinations of the great ancient Greek architecture, the immaculate fine art and literature and even the personal possessions and crafts of the societies own inhabitants, one can reason that these materials reflect much about ancient Greece and its people. From studying the architecture of this ancient society, one can assume various things about its inhabitants such as beliefsRead More Exploring The Four Ancient Civilizations- Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece and Israel1009 Words à |à 5 PagesBefore the beginning of history, people from across the land gradually developed numerous cultures, each unique in some ways while the same time having features in common. Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece and Israel are all important to the history of the world because of religious, social, political and economic development. In the first civilization, both Mesopotamia and Egypt relied on a hunter-gatherer economic system, during that time, every country in the world strived on it. MesopotamiaRead MoreGrave stele of a little girl1605 Words à |à 7 Pagesï » ¿ Grave stele of a little girl Stephanie Sjaastad Nancy Catandella HWA 160L 112 18 November 2013 Ancient Greek art is something to be admired; the accuracy of the figures, compared to Egyptian art is commendable. The art works show great depths of emotion and detail. The ââ¬Å"Grave stele of a little girlâ⬠is a beautiful relief of what appears to be a small child holding two birds. The forearm resembles a young childââ¬â¢s arm because it seems that the ââ¬Å"baby fatâ⬠Read MoreWhy people choose religion882 Words à |à 4 Pageswith that, then there is no point to the war. It is difficult to say when and what the first religion ever was especially without the technology we have today. That being said, one of the brightest civilizations, Ancient Greece, had types of religious behavior. In Ancient Greece, things happened in nature and no one knew what was happening. Then there was the birth of Greek Mythology. They had a God or Goddess for everything in nature and stories to go along with everything that happened in nature
Tuesday, December 17, 2019
A Parent Of A Child Diagnosed With Down Syndrome - 1270 Words
Becoming a parent for the first time is often frightening, no parent wants his or her child to be sick, disabled, or harmed in any way. It is not an experience anyone expects to have, it is a journey that is unplanned. Heather is the mother of a child diagnosed with Down syndrome. Heather shared her story, along with the everyday struggles she faces, in a personal interview about her childââ¬â¢s diagnosis of Down syndrome. Though she may face many struggles, she has found hope throughout different therapeutic interventions. Occupational therapy has played a key role in Kalebââ¬â¢s everyday performance. As a first time mother, Heather was offered an alpha-fetoprotein blood test during her second trimester of pregnancy which screens for different types of issues the unborn baby may have. She chose to take the test and received alarming news that there was a 1:80 chance of her child having Down syndrome. According to Dictionary.com, Down syndrome is defined as a ââ¬Å"congenit al disorder arising from a chromosome defect, causing intellectual impairment and physical abnormalities including short stature and a broad facial profile. It arises from a defect involving chromosome 21, usually an extra copy (Dictionary. Reference, 2016).â⬠Down syndrome is a lifelong condition and is accompanied with distinctive physical features. Each case varies and has different effects, however, distinctive physical features and some degree of cognitive disabilities are often some of the most commonShow MoreRelatedDown Syndrome : A Congenital Chromosomal Disorder1371 Words à |à 6 PagesDown syndrome is a congenital chromosomal disorder during maternal meiosis. This is one of the most common chromosomal disease that has been confirmed (Epstein, 2013). Down syndrome causes some symptoms in childrenââ¬â¢s physical and mental aspects, which have significant differences with other people. It may cause the life of the child is abnormal and cannot live independently in the future. With the increased population of children with Down syndrome in Australia, it becomes prominent that they stronglyRead MoreEssay on Trisomy 2: A Gift or a Curse?878 Words à |à 4 Pagesnot, children diagnosed with Down syndrome get viewed as lesser of a human being than an average person. Why is that? Is it because of their looks or IQ? Is appearing different really all that different? By taking a look into what Down syndrome is, how it affects them and those around them, and how it can be treated will prove they have the potential to do more than an average person. To completely understand the concept of Down syndrome, one must understand what it is. Down syndrome, the leadingRead MoreDown Syndrom1638 Words à |à 7 PagesAbstract a) Down syndrome b) Interesting topic c) Understanding why down syndrome occurs Introduction a) Who discovered Down syndrome b) What is Down syndrome Body research A. What Causes it and is it inherited? 1-Trisomy 21 2-Mosaic Down syndrome 3-Translocation Down syndrome B. How Down syndrome affects Kids 1-Physical features 2-Learning C. Risk factors 1-Advancing maternal age 2- Being carriers of the genetic translocation for Down syndrome 3-HavingRead MoreEssay DiGeorge Syndrome- A Genetic Disorder952 Words à |à 4 Pages A genetic disorder, such as DiGeorge syndrome, is an illness caused by one or more abnormalities, which can be passed down through parents, DNA, or mutations. DiGeorge syndrome (DGS) is a rare type of a genetic disorder which is caused by the deletion of chromosome 22. DiGeorge syndrome affects many parts of the body and has a prevalence of 1: 4000 The signs and symptoms of DiGeorge syndrome vary from mild to severe. Symptoms can differ depending on how highly the affected areas are and the severityRead MoreTaking a Look at Marfan Syndrome625 Words à |à 3 Pages Marfan Syndrome, which is named after Antoine Marfan who first described the disorder in 1896, is a genetic disorder that affects the connective tissues found throughout the body. This syndrome can affect many different parts of the body, but the most commonly affected are the heart, blood vessels, bones, joints, respiratory system, nervous system, and eyes. Thankfully, a personââ¬â¢s intelligence is never affected. Marfan syndrome affects people from all races and ethnic backgrounds, and this oftenRead MoreThe Pregnancy Of A Foetus Diagnosed With Down Syndrome1610 Words à |à 7 Pages Discuss the challenges facing parents today in deciding to terminate or continue with the pregnancy of a foetus diagnosed with Down Syndrome. Introduction Having a child comes with not only positive experiences, but also pressure and other adjustment matters. If you are told that your unborn child is diagnosed with Down Syndrome, your perspectives and concerns may change significantly. Known as a genetic disorder that is estimated to occur in 1 out of every 650- 1000 live births (Bittles GlassonRead MoreSusan Finally Gets Pregnant With Down Syndrome Essay1650 Words à |à 7 Pagesher baby has Down syndrome, and her doctors suggest she abort the fetus. Susan has a successful career and wants to maintain a healthy balance between her career and family. Yet she feels very uncomfortable with abortion. She seeks some advice from Richard, an influential professor of evolutionary biology who has spent his career seeking to further human potential and minimize human suffering. When Susan asks Richard if she should abort the fetus or give birth to a baby with Down syndrome, Richard repliedRead MoreThe Is A Diversity As Well Essay1474 Words à |à 6 Pagessurplus of these synapses. (ââ¬Å"Asperger s syndromeâ⬠, 2016.) The excess is due to a slowdown during the normal brain development process. The ââ¬Å"extrasâ⬠donââ¬â¢t send messages to the various parts of the brain like theyââ¬â¢re supposed to. Sometimes this lack of communication between cells can affect brain size and development. Some researchers say autism is a genetic disorder while others say it may be triggered by a variety of factors. Children who have a sibling or parent with autism are at higher risk of alsoRead MoreMost people take the simple things in life for granted. But for others those simple things are1400 Words à |à 6 Pagesbehaviors, and verbal and nonverbal communication. (What is Autism?) One out of every eighty-eight children are affected with ASDs in the United States and it is more in males. (Autism Spectrum Disorders) The mildest form of autism is Aspergers Syndrome. Affecting males three times more often than females. Usually children with Aspergers become obsessed with a certain object or topic. If they become obsessed with a topic they will talk about it all the time and learn as much about it as they canRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1364 Words à |à 6 Pagesneurodevelopmental disorder generally diagnosed before the age of three. Its main factors include: repetitive stereotyped patterns of behavior, impairment in communication, and impairment in the area of social interaction (Heward, 1996). The DSM-IV ââ¬Å"identifies ASD as part of a larger grouping, pervasive developmental disorders (PDD). According the DSM-IV-TR there are five subtypes of PDD: autistic disorder, Aspergcr s syndrome (AS), childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD), Rett s syndrome, and pervasive developmental
Sunday, December 8, 2019
Mercy Killing or Euthanasia free essay sample
Mercy killing or euthanasia Euthanasia means as an action which aims at taking the life of another at the latters expressed request. It concerns an action of which death is the purpose and the result. This definition applies only to voluntary euthanasia and excludes the non-voluntary or involuntary euthanasia, the killing of a patient without the patients knowledge or consent. Some call this life-terminating treatment. Euthanasia can be either active or passive. Passive euthanasia allows one to die by withholding or withdrawing life supporting means. This is a tricky area because ordinary and extraordinary means of supporting life come into the picture. Ordinary means such as nutrition and hydration are never to be withheld since they are ones basic right in order to survive. However, one is not obliged to use extraordinary or disproportionate means to sustain life. Due to complexity, each situation needs to be looked at individually when discussing extraordinary means. However, as a rule, one can discontinue medical procedures that are burdensome, dangerous, extraordinary, or disproportionate to the expected outcome. One cannot intend death by withdrawing or withholding treatment, but should, however, obey God and let one die a natural death. To withdraw a treatment as a condition worsens is letting one die and not a direct killing. In this case, it is the disease that is killing and not the one who withdraws the treatment. Active euthanasia or mercy killing pertains to the Dr. Kevorkianââ¬â¢s of the day. This is the direct intentional killing of a patient with either their consent (voluntary), without their consent when impossible (non-voluntary), or without consent but not sought (involuntary). Advocates of this murder have covered their ears to the command of the Lord: Thou shall not kill! The goal is to eliminate or relieve suffering by an evil means of death. Many patientsââ¬â¢ are in immense suffering and may be led to choose death as the answer by these doctors, friends or relatives. The culpability for the patient, in these cases may be lessened, but, this act of killing can never be justified. These patients, whether having an incurable disease, being elderly, or suffering in other ways, are crying out for help and love. Palliative care, not death, is the answer. Medical personnel, friends and family must reach out and comfort the afflicted. Suffering and pain is manageable, especially today, with so many medicines and treatments available. Pain killers can be prescribed as long as there is no danger or intention of death. Consciousness of the patient is strongly encouraged, so that if dying, one may prepare to accept to meet God. We cannot do whatever to our bodies, since they are not our own. God made us and knows what we need here on earth, so that we, someday, may enter into eternity. If Christ endured immense suffering, then why do we expect any less? We are called to be imitations of Christ and to share in His Passion. Is my life really mine? If we live, we are responsible to the Lord, and when we die we are responsible to the Lord. Both in life and death we belong to the Lord. God has a plan and each human person having an eternal destiny has a dignity. God, being the author of life, alone has the right to create and destroy life. No human person has this right to take innocent human life, no matter how one tries to justify it. Thou shall not kill is still a command and not a suggestion, as many seem to believe. There are many reasons why Euthanasia is gravely immoral some of which have already been discussed. Suffering has many benefits, especially suffering in the last days of ones life. In addition to sharing in Christs Passion, one may find peace in God, reconciliation with family and friends and acceptance of death. One also may be undergoing temporal punishment here on earth through suffering; a sort 0 purgatory on earthââ¬â¢. There are many benefits and advantages to suffering. However in a pragmatic society as ours, we tend to look past the positives and see only the negative side. This type of reasoning has led many to see death as the answer suffering, regardless of the consequences. Euthanasia whether active or passive is immoral and contrary to Gods law Within passive euthanasia, what is considered extraordinary means of sustaining life may not always be clear, but ordinary means such as hydration and nutrition must be provided. We must look past the suffering in this world and look towards eternal home with God. As humans we cannot always see the answers and for that reason, is not we to decide about the death of a human being, God has not given us ~ authority. We must also ask ourselves concerning euthanasia; where will it end: we allow the elderly or incurable to be assisted in suicide, what other groups will give this ââ¬Ërightââ¬â¢. Will the handicapped or mentally retarded be next? Will teenage who are the leading age group of suicide; also have this right to die? The answer rests in our hands. If we continue to disrespect human life and its creator, God, then well destroy ourselves. A right is a moral claim and since we do not have a claim on death which itself has a claim on us, we cannot act for the right we dont have. Perilt Mother Teresa was right when she said that if a mother can kill her own child, ââ¬Å"is there to stop you and me from killing each other? There is no way to slop culture of death, unless, we get back to Gods law and speak out, boldly, against horrors and injustices of the day! We must be wary of those who are too willing to end the lives of the elderly and the ill. If we ever decide that a poor quality of life justifies ending that life have taken a step down a slippery slope that places all of us in danger. There difference between allowing nature to take its course and actively assisting The call for euthanasia surfaces in our society periodically, as it is doing now the guise of death with dignity or assisted suicide. Euthanasia is a concept, it seems to me that am in direct conflict with a religious and ethical tradition in which the human race is presented with ââ¬Å"a blessing and a curse, life and deathâ⬠, and we are instructedââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. Therefore, to choose life. I believe ââ¬Ëeuthanasiaââ¬â¢ lies outside the commonly held life centered valued of the West and cannot be allowed without incurring great, social and personal tragedy. This is not merely an intellectual conundrum. This issue involves actual human beings at riskâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. ââ¬
Sunday, December 1, 2019
Seeing Well Without Contact Lenses And Glasses Is The Dream Of Million
Seeing well without contact lenses and glasses is the dream of millions of Americans and modern medical science has enabled that dream to come true (Caster, 8). Since first grade, Dede Head, a 30-year-old fitness trainer in North Carolina, has worn glasses to correct sever nearsightedness and astigmatism. Over the years she became accustomed to wearing glasses and contacts, but this has limited many important aspects of her life, including sports. She then heard of a laser eye surgery that "supposedly", helped to correct a person's vision by means of lasers. She immediately signed up for the procedure and ever since that day, she has not worn glasses or contacts. Dede is just one of the eight hundred-fifty-thousand people who have undergone a procedure by the name of LASIK or Laser In-Situ Keratomileusis. If surgical procedures were movies, LASIK would be this years box office smash as it has received much media coverage and many praises; however, not that many people know what LASIK is, what the advantages and disadvantages are, and most importantly if LASIK is right for them (Buratto, 1). LASIK is basically a type of laser surgery which can help correct nearsightedness (myopia), which is the inability to see distant objects, farsightnedness (hyperopia), which is the inability to see close, and astigmatism, the inability to focus light waves evenly. LASIK has grown greatly in the last year, mostly because of 4 reasons; it is fast (procedure takes about 5-10 minutes), safe, painless, and the results are almost always prolific. The eye is just like a camera because it works by focusing light waves that pass through it. Light rays that enter the eye must first pass through the most outer layer of the eye called the cornea. The cornea performs 2/3 of the focusing process, the remainder of is then completed by the crystalline lens which further focuses the light on the retina. This requires extreme precision in that the focused light must fall exactly at the level of the retina (Gallo, 126). The retina is a nerve tissue that carpets the inner surface of the eye, much like wallpaper covers all aspects of a wall. The retina converts the light into electrical signals, which are transmitted to the brain by the optic nerve. Just as a camera cannot produce clear photographs of the image if the incoming light is not focused on the film, we cannot produce a clear vision if the cornea and crystalline lens do not focus the light precisely on the retina. This is where LASIK steps in. A laser is a device that creates a very special kind of light energy that is usually invisible to the human eye (Caster, 16). In LASIK, ophthalmologists use a certain type of laser called the excimer. By using invisible ultraviolet light, the excimer is able to break covalent bonds between molecules. What sets excimer aside from other lasers used in medicine is the wavelength used. At one-hundred ninety-three nm (nanometers), excimer lasers remove tissue by breaking the covalent without creating much thermal energy (Slade, 25). This allows for precise removal of tissue with minimal surrounding tissue damage. The very thin layer of the cornea that is removed, changes the curvature of the cornea ever so slightly, thus then results in a change in the light focusing ability. In nearsightedness (myopia), light rays from distant objects are not focused on the retina, but instead they are focused in front of the retina (See Figure 1). Therefore to correct nearsightedness in a LASIK procedur e, the curvature of the cornea must be decreased or in another words made flatter by removing corneal tissue in a disc-shaped pattern, or from the central cornea. A computer determines the exact pattern and number of pulses that are needed to do this. In farsightedness (hyperopia), light rays from distant objects are focused not onto the retina, but behind it (See Figure 1). To correct this, the central portion of the cornea must be made steeper; and this is accomplished by removing corneal tissue in a donut shaped pattern, or in another words more from the peripheral areas. Eyes with astigmatisms focus light waves unevenly because of the irregular shape of the cornea; football shaped as opposed
Tuesday, November 26, 2019
The Benefits of Cell Phone Recycling
The Benefits of Cell Phone Recycling Recycling or reusing cell phones helps the environment by saving energy, conserving natural resources and keeping reusable materials out of landfills. Cell Phone Recycling Helps the Environment Cell phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs) contain a variety of precious metals, copper, and plastics. Recycling or reusing cell phones and PDAs not only conserves these valuable materials, it also prevents air and water pollution and reduces greenhouse gas emissions that occur during manufacturing and while extracting and processing virgin materials. Five Good Reasons to Recycle Cell Phones Only about 10 percent of the cell phones used in the United States are recycled. We need to do better. Heres why: Recycling just one cell phone saves enough energy to power a laptop for 44 hours.If Americans recycled all of the 130 million cell phones that are tossed aside annually in the United States, we could save enough energy to power more than 24,000 homes for a year.For every one million cell phones recycled, we can recover 75 pounds of gold, 772 pounds of silver, 33 pounds of palladium, and 35,274 pounds of copper; cell phones also contain tin, zinc, and platinum.Recycling one million cell phones also saves enough energy to provide electricity to 185 U.S. households for a year.Cell phones and other electronic devices also contain hazardous materials such as lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic and brominated flame retardants. Many of those materials can be recycled and reused; none of them should go into landfills where they can contaminate air, soil, and groundwater. Recycle or Donate Your Cell Phone Most Americans get a new cell phone every 18 to 24 months, usually when their contract expires and they qualify for a free or low-cost upgrade to a new cell phone model. The next time you get a new cell phone, dont discard your old one or toss it into a drawer where it will just gather dust. Recycle your old cell phone or, if the cell phone and its accessories are still in good working order, consider donating them to a program that will either sell them to benefit a worthy charity or offer them to someone less fortunate. Some recycling programs also work with schools or community organizations to collect cell phones as fundraising ventures. Apple will take back your old iPhone and recycle or reuse it through its Renew program. In 2015, Apple recycled 90 million pounds of electronic waste. The materials thus recovered include 23 million lbs of steel,Ã 13 million lbs of plastic, and almost 12 million lbs of glass. Some of the recovered materials have very high value: in 2015 only Apple recovered 2.9 million lbs of copper, 6612 lbs of silver, and 2204 lbs of gold! The markets for refurbished cell phones extend far beyond U.S. borders, providing modern communication technology to people in developing nations who would otherwise find it unaffordable. How Are Materials From Recycled Cell Phones Used? Almost all of the materials used to manufacture cell phones- metals, plastics and rechargeable batteries- can be recovered and used to make new products. Metals recovered from recycled cell phones are used in many different industries such as jewelry making, electronics, and automotive manufacturing. Recovered plastics are recycled into plastic components for new electronic devices and other plastic products such as garden furniture, plastic packaging, and auto parts. When rechargeable cell-phone batteries can no longer be reused, they can be recycled to make other rechargeable battery products. Edited by Frederic Beaudry
Friday, November 22, 2019
50 Problem Words and Phrases
50 Problem Words and Phrases 50 Problem Words and Phrases 50 Problem Words and Phrases By Mark Nichol Oh, what a tangled web we weave when first we practice to conceive written communication. So many pairs or trios of words and phrases stymie us with their resemblance to each other. Hereââ¬â¢s a quick guide to alleviate (or is it ameliorate?) your suffering: 1. a while / awhile: ââ¬Å"A whileâ⬠is a noun phrase; awhile is an adverb. 2. all together / altogether: All together now ââ¬Å"We will refrain from using that two-word phrase to end sentences like this one altogether.â⬠3. amend / emend: To amend is to change; to emend is to correct. 4. amount / number: Amount refers to a mass (ââ¬Å"The amount saved is considerableâ⬠); number refers to a quantity (ââ¬Å"The number of dollars saved is considerableâ⬠). 5. between / among: The distinction is not whether you refer to two people or things or to three or more; itââ¬â¢s whether you refer to one thing and another or to a collective or undefined number ââ¬Å"Walk among the trees,â⬠but ââ¬Å"Walk between two trees.â⬠6. biannual / biennial: Biannual means twice a year; biennial means once every two years. 7. bring / take: If itââ¬â¢s coming toward you, itââ¬â¢s being brought. If itââ¬â¢s headed away from you, itââ¬â¢s being taken. 8. compare to / compare with: ââ¬Å"Comparing toâ⬠implies similarity alone; ââ¬Å"compare withâ⬠implies contrast as well. 9. compliment / complement: To compliment is to praise; to complement is to complete. 10. comprise, consist of / compose, constitute: Comprise means ââ¬Å"include,â⬠so test by replacement ââ¬Å"is included ofâ⬠is nonsense, and so is ââ¬Å"is comprised of.â⬠The whole comprises the parts or consists of the parts, but the parts compose or constitute the whole. 11. connote / denote: To connote is to convey (ââ¬Å"Air quotes connote skepticism or ironyâ⬠); to denote is to specify (ââ¬Å"A stop sign denotes the requirement to haltâ⬠). 12. continual / continuous: Continual events are frequently repeated, or intermittent. Continuous events are uninterrupted, or constant. 13. credible / credulous: To be credible is to be authoritative; to be credulous is to be gullible. 14. deserts / desserts: If you eat only cake, pie, ice cream, and the like, you eat just desserts. If you have it coming to you, you get your just deserts as well. (However, the connotation is negative, so hit the gym.) 15. different from / different than: The former phrase is preferred in formal writing; but ââ¬Å"differently thanâ⬠is always correct usage. 16. discreet / discrete: Discreet means ââ¬Å"subtleâ⬠; discrete means ââ¬Å"separate.â⬠(ââ¬Å"He discreetly reminded them of their discrete meanings.â⬠) 17. each other / one another: ââ¬Å"One anotherâ⬠is preferred in formal writing when more than two of something are being discussed. 18. economic / economical: Economic refers to the science of economics; economical suggests frugality. 19. elemental/elementary: Whatââ¬â¢s elemental is essential or integral to nature; whatââ¬â¢s elementary is basic. 20. ensure / insure / assure: To ensure is to guarantee, to insure is to indemnify, and to assure is to comfort or convince. 21. epidemic / endemic / pandemic: An epidemic is the outbreak of disease in a limited place and time; an endemic disease is a recurring one peculiar to a place or population; a pandemic is pervasive over a wide geographical area. 22. forgo / forego: To forgo is to go without; to forego is to go before (and is generally used only in the forms foregoing and foregone, which are themselves rare). 23. gibe / jibe / jive: To gibe (soft g, as in gym) is to taunt or insult (though jibe is an alternate spelling), to jibe with is to coincide or fit, to jive is to deceive. 24. historic / historical: Something historic is remarkable for its impact on history; something historical is simply an event in history. 25. home in / hone in: To home in is to close in; to hone in is to confuse one word for another. (ââ¬Å"Hone inâ⬠has no meaning.) 26. jealousy / envy: Jealousy is resentment; envy is covetousness. 27. lay / lie: Lay is transitive, associated with a direct object ââ¬Å"Lay that pencil down.â⬠ââ¬Å"Yesterday, I laid that pencil down.â⬠ââ¬Å"That pencil has been laid down.â⬠Lie is intransitive, not so associated ââ¬Å"Lie down.â⬠ââ¬Å"Last night, I lay down.â⬠ââ¬Å"It was my plan to have lain down already. 28. leach / leech: To leach is to dissolve by percolation; to leech is to remove blood with a leech or to exhaust; as a noun, it means a parasitic worm or the human figurative equivalent, or the edge of a sail (also spelled leach). 29. libel / slander: Libel is written defamation; slander is the spoken equivalent. 30. may / might: May refers to factual or possible; might is appropriate for the hypothetical or counterfactual. 31. nauseous / nauseated: To be nauseous is to cause sickness. To be nauseated is to feel sick. 32. notable / noticeable / noteworthy: Something notable is worthy of note. Something noticeable is capable of being noticed. Noteworthy is a synonym of notable, though the former implies the unusual and the latter the commendable. 33. partly / partially: Partly means ââ¬Å"in partâ⬠; partially means ââ¬Å"incompleteâ⬠or, rarely, is an antonym for unfairly. 34. peak / pique: To peak is to reach the pinnacle; to pique is to arouse interest or to bother. 35. people / persons: People has assumed primacy; persons is reserved mostly as a synonym for bodies (ââ¬Å"those belongings carried on their personsâ⬠). 36. persuade / convince: To persuade someone is to motivate them to do something; to convince someone is to lead them to understand or believe. 37. predominantly / predominately: Both forms are correct, but predominantly predominates. 38. purposely / purposefully: Whatââ¬â¢s done purposely is done on purpose; whatââ¬â¢s done purposefully is done with a purpose. 39. regrettably / regretfully: Regrettably is a synonym for unfortunately; regretfully means just that full of regret. 40. repetitive / repetitious: Both terms have acquired a negative connotation, but the former retains a more neutral meaning. 41. sensual / sensuous: Sensual has an erotic connotation; sensuous refers more neutrally to what is pleasurable to the senses. 42. since / because: Informally, these terms are interchangeable, but in formal writing, since should be used only to refer to time. 43. stationary / stationery: To be stationary is to stand still; stationery refers to letter-writing materials. 44. that / which: That is used restrictively (ââ¬Å"The pencil that is sharpâ⬠among more than one pencil, the one with that characteristic); which is employed nonrestrictively (ââ¬Å"The pencil, which is sharpâ⬠one pencil alone, possessing that characteristic). The distinction is rarely observed other than in American English. 45. tortuous / torturous: A tortuous experience is a winding one; a torturous one is painful. 46. transcript / transcription: A transcript is a thing; a transcription is the process of creating it. 47. verbal / oral: Verbal refers to both written and spoken communication, but oral is useful for distinguishing the latter from the former. 48. while / although / whereas: Informally, while is a synonym for the other two terms, but in formal writing it should be reserved for temporal connotations. 49. wreak / wreck: These terms do not share etymological origin; you wreck a party, but you do so by wreaking havoc. 50. whether / if: Both words are correct in expressing a choice, but the former is more appropriate in formal writing (ââ¬Å"I canââ¬â¢t decide whether to goâ⬠), whereas the latter is better reserved for reference to possibility or probability (ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ll go if you doâ⬠). Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Handy Expressions About Hands50 Diminutive Suffixes (and a Cute Little Prefix)Sentence Adverbs
Thursday, November 21, 2019
Lean Six Sigma process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
Lean Six Sigma process - Essay Example Lean Six Sigma requires cultural change because at the core of its philosophy is the identification of customer value that any activities that is not consistent to customer value, or anything that the customer is not willing to pay for is removed. Thus, with the implementation of Lean Six Sigma, the organization is driven drive improve values that the customer is willing to pay for. Then a value stream is created to serve customer value. The process of Lean Six Sigma typically involves defining and prioritizing process, measuring performance, analysis of root cause, implement improvements and control the process. Training of Lean Six Sigma Blackbelts will also be beneficial to an organization. The successful implementation of Six Sigmaââ¬â¢s Tools has substantial impact on an organizationââ¬â¢s bottom line and it was estimated that the typical contribution of an experienced Lean Six Sigma Blackbelt to an organization is $1 annually (Klaasse,
Tuesday, November 19, 2019
Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 16
Research Paper Example e career civil servants are employed in a step-wise system that has the lowest (entry) level civil servant at grade 9 and highest level civil servants at grade 1. The contract civil servants are employed on specialized jobs that see their employment terminated once the terms of the contract have been met (Choi & Park 2013, pp. 12-13). In Japan, the national civil service is responsible for all civil servant employments. Once employed in a ministry, an employee will remain with the same ministry until their employment is terminated. Transfers between ministries is very uncommon. A civil servant is advanced selectively but in the confines of rank such that the senior personnel have priority in terms of promotion. In reality, the actual retirement age for civil servants is 55 years of age but an ââ¬Ëamakudariââ¬â¢ style of re-employment system has been adopted by Japanââ¬â¢s civil service in which retired workers are re-absorbed back into the workforce as part of the lifetime employment system employed in the country. The implication is that amakudari is an essential provision of the lifetime employment system where workers are obligated to resign from place of employment before they reach of the formal retirement age. The system provides low salaries for civil servants, when matched to salaries of the same age cohort in the private sector. Amakudari is an issue of great significance and one that has become very contentious. Each ministry runs independent of the others and central government such that; each minister is expected to bear the responsibility and that even the prime minister cannot direct other ministersââ¬â¢ business; and some of the core government ministries were created before the current constitution was promulgated. The local governments employ 75 percent of all civil servants while the central government employs the remaining 25 percent (Hood & Guy 2003, pp. 38-42; Institute of Administrative Management 2001, pp. 21-26). The British civil service
Sunday, November 17, 2019
A View from the Bridge Essay Example for Free
A View from the Bridge Essay A View from the Bridge by Arthur Miller is a play describing the affairs of the Brooklyn dockworkers of post war America. The play is as colourful as the lives of those it depicts: it contains aspects of love, hatred, passion, suffering, pain and despair (to name but a few) but what of tragedy? In order for a play to be a tragedy it follows that it must have tragic elements to its plot but what are these elements? Why are they considered tragic? And most importantly of all: In what from are they present in A View from the Bridge? Answering this question requires that we obtain a sound definition of tragedy in the classic sense, and for this task I refer throughout to Aristotles Poetics. Over the next few pages I will be examining the main events and aspects of the play, showing how explicitly they follow the principles outlined by Aristotle, therefore earning the tragic title. Foremost in a tragedy is the protagonist; he is the hub around which the events of the play rotate, without whom all would soon crumble. In classic tragedy the protagonist is usually distinguished early in the play: the protagonist in A View from the Bridge is established from the outset. An early stage direction sees Eddie pitching coins with the men and is highlighted among them this and Eddies prominence in the following family scene firmly establish his role as the lead character. Once this entity has been confirmed we must then examine his character. In the first family scene Eddie is shown to command the love and respect of both his wife and niece: Beatrice claims that he is an Angel! and that Godll bless him and Catherine greets him enthusiastically Hi, Eddie! This show of love has the effect of portraying Eddie Carbone in a favourable light and raising the audiences opinion of him. This was a deliberate effort on Millers part to satisfy one of Aristotles necessities for tragedy, that the lead role should embody nobility and virtue as part of his/her innate character. Initial nobility and virtue serve to accentuate the eventual demise of the character and heighten the sense of loss felt by the audience. The family love of the opening scene, while serving a purpose, is notably ordinary and not at all unusual. At first glance Eddie Carbone seems a surprisingly normal figure He is forty- a husky, slightly overweight longshoreman. This normality however serves a very important purpose, it allows the audience to identify with the character, a necessity for the tragic hero since he has to command sympathy, pity, and later invoke fear. Another tragic requirement is that the lead character must have a certain flaw, or imperfection, known as hamartia which serves to trigger the characters demise. This is present in A View from the Bridge and is subtly exposed in the first scene when Eddie is pleased and therefore shy about it when Catherine lovingly greets him. The first family scene can therefore be described as tragic because it complies with tragic ideals, and establishes both the character of the protagonist and his fatal flaw: two essentials of tragedy. Following this scene I was aware of the potential for catastrophe (in Eddies incestuous love, and over protectiveness) but was at a loss as to how this potential was to be realised. This invoked in me as the reader or as a member of the audience a sense of or intense anticipation and anxiety: anticipation because the catastrophic ending was foretold in Alfieris warnings and anxiety because I did not know what form this catastrophe would take. My anxiety was relieved upon the arrival of the immigrants, when I realised the means by which the potential was to be realised. As the scene progresses Catherines attraction to Rodolpho is made apparent. Catherine wondrously asks Rodolpho about his hair, and is enthralled by his singing; she asks if he is married and references to sugar you like sugar? -Sugar? Yes! I like sugar very much! imply that they are sweet on each other. This affection unnerves Eddie, who, upon hearing Rodolphos rendition of Paper Doll interrupts as soon as flirtation is mentioned and then those flirty, flirty guysWill have to flirt with dollies that are real. This scene, while not satisfying any tragic ideas wholly in itself, helps with the progression of the tragedy since it develops the fatal flaw, Eddies love for Catherine. It also informs the audience of the course the play is to take, accentuating the sense of fate or inevitable progression.
Thursday, November 14, 2019
Seamus Heaney â⬠The Skunk Commentary Essay -- English Literature
Seamus Heaney ââ¬â The Skunk Commentary Skunk is a poem by Seamus Heaney about his married life. The poem is a tribute to his wife ââ¬â how living away from home has caused him to miss his married life. Exiled from his wife, Heaney is recalls the skunk which reminds him of his wife. There are two settings in this poem. The first five stanzas are based on memories of California nights, and the last stanza is a recent memory of waiting in bed for his wife as she changed into her nightdress. The theme of this poem is memory, where Heaney recalls memories of his California nights; this is portrayed in ââ¬Å"it all came back to me last nightâ⬠. It is also a celebration of the energy and freshness of his marriage; ââ¬Å"after eleven years I was composing love letters againâ⬠. He also shows his frustration and desire for his wife, a pain of separation from her; ââ¬Å"the beautiful useless tang of eucalyptus spelt your absence.â⬠The tone of this poem is sacred, sexual, repulsive ââ¬â it is erotically inviting. Using interesting descriptions, Heaney is able to convey this poem in a tender yet...
Tuesday, November 12, 2019
Ovarian Cancer Research Paper Essay
Introduction Ovarian cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women. It is considered to be one of the most common types of cancer of the female reproductive system. According to McGuire and Markman (2003), ââ¬Å"despite advances in treatment over the last 40 years, ovarian cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed gynaecological malignancy, and causes more deaths than any other cancer of the reproductive systemâ⬠(p. 4). Despite the fact that ovarian cancer occurs less frequently than uterine cancer, it is more aggressive and can occur at any age. In addition, it does not manifest itself in the first stages, and in most cases are diagnosed only in the later ones. All the malignant ovarian tumors are subdivided into epithelial, germ or stromal cell types (cancer). These cancers have the highest incidence among all other tumors. (Jordan, S., Green, A., & Webb, P. 2006 p.109-116). Signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer ââ¬Å"Ovarian cancer has often been called the ââ¬Å"silent killerâ⬠because symptoms are not thought to develop until advanced stages when chance of cure is poorâ⬠(Goff, Mandel, Melancon, & Muntz, 2004, p. 2705). That is why the symptoms of ovarian cancer are not specific and can be disguised as other more common diseases, such as diseases of the digestive system or urinary system. The reason for the lack of clearly defined symptoms is that ovarian cancer develops in the abdominal cavity and does not cause discomfort for the patient. The main sign of the presence of most disease is a constant presence of symptoms or their worsening. For example, ovarian cancer symptoms are distinguished by their immutability of the manifestations: they progress gradually. (Goff, B. A., Mandel, L. S., Melancon, C. H., Muntz, H. G., 2004 p. 2705-2712). The main symptoms of ovarian cancer may include the following: 1. Feeling of overeating, swelling or bloating; 2. Urgent need to urinate; 3. Pain or discomfort in the pelvic area. 4. Constant indigestion or nausea; 5. Sudden, unexplained changes of stools, which include diarrhea or constipation; 6. Frequent urination; 7. Appetite loss; 8. Rapid weight loss or rapid weight gain; 9. Increased waist circumference, which can be seen by the fact that the clothing suddenly became small; 10. Pain during intercourse; 11. Permanent weakness; 12. Pain in the lumbar area, abdominal pain. The growing tumor extends through the fallopian tubes, causing the lower abdominal pain on the affected side. The large tumors can compress the large intestine that is manifested in bloating or constipation. (Goff, B. A., Mandel, L. S., Melancon, C. H., Muntz, H. G., 2004, p. 2705-2712). In addition, ovarian cancer is characterized by metastases at the ââ¬Å"gateâ⬠of the liver that leads to the development of ascites ââ¬â an accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity due to the compression of the hepatic portal vein. (Goff, B. A., Mandel, L. S., Melancon, C. H., Muntz, H. G., 2004, p. 2705-2712). The later stages (3 and 4) of ovarian cancer are characterized by more severe symptoms, such as intoxication and anemia. The doctors usually can diagnose ovarian cancer for three months after the first symptoms. However, sometimes it is necessary to wait for six months or even more in order to put the final diagnosis. (Goff, B. A., M andel, L. S., Melancon, C. H., Muntz, H. G., 2004, p. 2705-2712). Causes of ovarian cancer Currently, the etiological factors of malignant ovarian tumors are not significantly determined. However, some researches have advanced several hypotheses about the etiology of epithelial ovarian tumors (Modugno et al., 2003, p. 439- 446). The first one being that ovarian cancer usually occurs when a tumor develops in one or both of a womanââ¬â¢s ovaries. (Modugno et al., 2003, p. 439- 446). Another hypothesis is based on the concept of ââ¬Å"incessant ovulationâ⬠(early menarche, late menopause, a small number of pregnancies, the shortening of lactation). Remember, the constant ovulations cause serious damage to epithelial inclusions in the ovarian cortex. The following hypothesis shows that ovarian cancer, most often, is caused by the glandular epithelial cells, which produce hormones. Therefore, a violation of hormonal regulation leads to the changes of malignant epithelial cells. Ovarian cancer often develops in the presence of chronic inflammation, benign tumors or ovarian cysts. (Jordan, S., Green, A., & Webb, P., 2006, p. 109-116). Risk factors It is difficult enough to determine the risk factors for ovarian cancer. However, it is believed that the healthy women, who have relatives diagnosed with breast cancer, ovarian cancer or uterine cancer, are at risk of those diseases. Supporting this point of view, Cannistra (2004) states that ââ¬Å"a strong family history of ovarian or breast cancer is the most important risk factorâ⬠for women. Too often ovarian cancer develops after menopause. However, the risk is increased only after 60 years. In turn, Cannistra (2004) supports this information and adds that ââ¬Å"the median age of patients with ovarian cancer is 60 years, and the average lifetime risk for women is about 1 in 70â⬠. (p. 2519-2522) Despite the fact that most ovarian cancers are diagnosed in postmenopausal women, the disease can also occur in women who are in the premenopausal period. Women, who have been pregnant at least once, are less likely to have ovarian cancer. The use of birth control pills also reduces this probability. (Kuper, H., Cramer, D. W., & Titus-Ernstoff, L., 2002., p. 455-463). The appearance of cysts is a normal process that occurs during ovulation in women who are premenopausal. However, cysts formed in the postmenopausal period have a great chance to cause cancer. Women are at increased risk if they are having trouble conceiving. Environment factors also affect the incidence of ovarian cancer. (Kuper, H., Cramer, D. W., & Titus-Ernstoff, L., 2002., p. 455-463). Ovarian cancer can be primary, secondary and metastatic. The malignant tumors, which primarily affect the ovary, are known as primary cancer. Secondary ovarian cancer (cystadenocarcinoma) occurs due to the benign or borderline tumors. Metastatic ovarian cancer (Krukenberg tumor) is a spreading of the primary tumor, which is often located in the gastro-intestinal tract, stomach, breast, thyroid or uterus. (Rossing, M. A., Tang, M. C., Flagg, E. W., Weiss, L. K., Wicklund, K. G., & Weiss, N. S.,2006, p. 713-720). Ovarian cancer staging It is possible to trace the following ovarian cancer stages, such as: Stage 1 ââ¬â limited to one or both ovaries; â⬠¢ 1A) cone ovary is affected, no ascites; â⬠¢ 1B) both ovaries are affected, no ascites; â⬠¢ 1C) appearance of the tumor on the surface of the ovary (s), ascites. Stage 2 ââ¬â disease spreads in the small pelvis; â⬠¢ 2A) affection of the uterus or fallopian tubes; â⬠¢ 2B) affection of other tissues of the small pelvis; â⬠¢ 2C) tumor on the surface of the ovary (s), ascites. Stage 3 ââ¬â affection of the peritoneum, metastases in the liver and other organs within the abdomen, affection of groin lymph nodes; â⬠¢ 3A) ââ¬â microscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond the pelvis; â⬠¢ 3B) ââ¬â metastasis less than 2 cm in size; â⬠¢ 3C) ââ¬â metastases more than 2 cm in diameter, involving retroperitoneal and inguinal lymph nodes. Stage 4 ââ¬â distant metastases. (Rossing, M. A., Tang, M. C., Flagg, E. W., Weiss, L. K., Wicklund, K. G., & Weiss, N. S., 2006., p. 713-720). Thus, these are the basic ovarian cancer stages, which help to find out how widespread ovarian cancer is. Classification of ovarian tumors 1) Surface epithelial-stromal tumors ââ¬â the largest group of benign epithelial ovarian tumors are cystadenoma. 2) Sex cord-stromal tumors with a minimum number of elements have the structure of sex cord-tech fibroids and may contain small nests or tubules of sex cord-type cells. 3) Germ cell tumors are teratomas, which in most cases are benign. . (Rossing, M. A., Tang, M. C., Flagg, E. W., Weiss, L. K., Wicklund, K. G., & Weiss, N. S., 2006., p. 713-720). Ovarian cancer treatment Ovarian cancer can be suspected by a gynecologist during a standard pelvic examination. However, ââ¬Å"much of the problem is that ovarian cancer is often detected too late. Not everyone has symptoms, and the classic onesââ¬âbloating, pelvic pain, difficulty eating and urinary frequency, are easily confused with other maladiesâ⬠(Johannes, 2010, para. 6). That is why the doctor should regularly check the pelvis and conduct the palpation of the uterus, vagina, tubes, ovaries, bladder, and rectum. In addition, it is essential to use a pelvic organ ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), radionuclide studies (scintigraphy), intestinal endoscopy, as well as a laparoscopic examination of the pelvis with a biopsy. (Zhang, M., Xie, X., Lee, A. H., & Binns, C. W., 2004, p. 83-89). Remember that ovarian cancer does not have any obvious symptoms in the early stages. Therefore, the annual gynecological examination and ultrasonography of the groin area are very important. Main tr eatment usually involves surgery, chemotherapy, and sometimes radiotherapy. Depending on the extent of tumor spread, surgery can be performed in various capacities. The obtained material must be sent for further examination. If the tumor significantly extends, the doctor should conduct the courses of chemotherapy, and then perform surgery. Mainly, surgery is performed in a radical way: the uterus with the tubes, pelvic tissue with lymph nodes, and omentum in the form of an apron are removed completely. Gland contains lymph nodes, which are often affected by metastases. Ovarian cancer has the ability to affect a healthy ovary through the cross metastases. (Rossing, M. A., Tang, M. C., Flagg, E. W., Weiss, L. K., Wicklund, K. G., & Weiss, N. S., 2006., p. 713-720). Therefore, it is very important to remove both ovaries in order to preserve the life of the patient. Taking into consideration the aggressive nature of the disease, chemotherapy is considered to be a required component of ovarian cancer treatment. The standard chemotherapy protocol consists of two major drugs, such as Carboplatin and Taxol. (Kiani, F., Knutsen, S., Singh, P., Ursin, G., & Fraser, G., 2006, p. 137-146). Medication duration, dosage and additional drugs are determined individually: in accordance with the type of tumor, the degree of spreading and other indicators. It is possible to conduct the additional courses of chemotherapy after surgery. Ovarian cancer treatment has its specific nature. It is connected with the fact that the tumor in the ovary cannot be seen. Therefore, in cases when the doctor does not operate the patient, the only way to be sure that the tumor is gone completely is use a high-dose chemotherapy. The main features of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer Chemotherapy is performed in almost all the stages of the disease. Sometimes it is used to fight against the tumor, sometimes to contain the tumor and prevent itââ¬â¢s spreading, sometimes in order to delay the total defeat of the body. In any case, chemotherapy for ovarian cancer is proved as an effective fighting method. Chemotherapy does serious damage to the body, but its main advantage is that the drugs work in the body, and thus blocks the development of the last stage of cancer, as well as the spreading to adjacent organs. Chemotherapy for ovarian cancer has a greater chance of success than radiotherapy, because it comes to the heart of the problem. The most important thing is that chemotherapy can get rid of cancer cells, which have already started to progress, but have not yet appeared in the specific symptoms. In other words, it can nip with the problem in the bud. Thus, if the use of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer is offered, do not refuse to do it. This is one of the few chances that could save your life, and give a reason to hope for the restoration of a normal life and future. In some cases, in addition to chemotherapy, the doctor can prescribe radiotherapy in order to kill the cancer cells. However, it is not commonly used and does not play an important role in the treatment of ovarian cancer. How to prevent the development of ovarian cancer? Every woman should know her vulnerabilities ââ¬â ââ¬Å"loopholesâ⬠through which cancer can penetrate into the body. Loophole 1: Late arrival to the gynecologist The annual preventive gynecological examination is required for all the women. Women, who have ovarian cancer, address to the doctor too late. This is due to the irregular visits to the gynecologist, because of this the initial stages of the disease go unnoticed. At first, cancer progresses usually without any of the characteristic symptoms. Subsequently, women can suffer from uterine bleeding, that doesnââ¬â¢t usually coincide with the period of menstruation and often ignore the abnormality. (Grilli, R., Apolone, G., Marsoni, S., Nicolucci, A., Zola, P., & Liberati, A., 1991, p.50-63). Women need to understand that the existence of such a symptom is a serious cause for concern, because any vaginal bleeding aside from the normal monthly menstruation may indicate a malfunction in the body. Another characteristic which women often ignore is lower abdominal pain. These pains can be short or long, weak, or strong. However, it is not desirable to immediately take analgesics to numb the unpleasant feelings. In such a case, it will be more reasonable to see a gynecologist. In addition, it is important to conduct an ultrasound of the uterus and ovaries. Usually a pelvic examination and ultrasound can detect ovarian cancer at the early stages. (Titus-Ernstoff, L., Rees, J. R., Terry, K. L., & Cramer, D. W., 2010, p. 201-207). The growth of ovarian tumors may be accompanied by low-grade temperature, shivering, and weakness. If you do not have an infectious disease and severe pain, but constant weakness and nausea, it is essential to consult with a gynecologist. (Titus-Ernstoff, L., Rees, J. R., Terry, K. L., & Cramer, D. W., 2010, p. 201-207). Loophole 2: Changes in hormonal balance Many women going through menopause also experience profound changes in the level of sex hormones. ââ¬Å"An excess of female hormones can lead to ovarian tumors and other serious gynecological diseasesâ⬠(Jordan, S. J., Purdie, D. M., Green, A. C., & Webb, P. M., 2004, p.359-365). The patients, who have had surgery on the uterus and ovaries, are also at increased risk. In addition to various infectious complications, they can also have a hormonal disorder. One of the reasons for ovarian cancer is an excess of sex hormone called gonadotropin, which leads to the development of other hormone-dependent tumors. (Jordan, S. J., Purdie, D. M., Green, A. C., & Webb, P. M., 2004, p.359-365). Therefore, women with hormonal malfunctions should be evaluated by a gynecologist with special attention. Loophole 3: Change of sexual partners and childlessness Sexual promiscuity often leads to frequent abortions. Every abortion is a serious hormonal disruption of the whole female body. The consequences of abortion are infertility, chronic diseases of the uterus and other reproductive organs. Sexual promiscuity can also lead to various infectious diseases of the genital organs. Some of these diseases often increase the risk of ovarian cancer. Nulliparous women suffer from ovarian cancer more often than those who have children. (King, M., Marks, J. H., Mandell, J. B., 2003, p. 643-646). Loophole 4: Unhealthy lifestyles It is known that women, who smoke or drink alcohol, are much more susceptible to ovarian cancer. Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption weaken their health and therefore they have a higher risk of cancer. ââ¬Å"In recent years, it is possible to trace the appearance of different cosmetics and dietary supplements. They contain the hormonal stimulants, which are very harmful for the female bodyâ⬠(Kiani, F., Knutsen, S., Singh, P., Ursin, G., & Fraser, G., 2006, p.137-146). It is necessary to carefully use such stimulants. Before taking these pills, it is essential to consult your primary care physician or gynecologist. Women, who have menopause, should eat a balanced diet full of vitamins and other nutrients (Kiani, F., Knutsen, S., Singh, P., Ursin, G., & Fraser, G., 2006, p.137-146). Furthermore, personal hygiene is vital to good health. Remember that any chronic diseases, especially concerning the sexual organs, weaken the immune system and increases the risk of tumor deve lopment. However, if diagnosed as having ovarian cancer donââ¬â¢t give up. Remember that timely access to a physician is the key to success. Tumors can be detected by the usual examination and then refined with the help of the ultrasound and analysis. If the disease is detected in an early stage, treatment will be more effective. In such a case, the doctor has the ability to combine surgical and medical treatment, without affecting the uterus and ovaries. Such patients can even get pregnant and give birth to a healthy baby. The later stages of ovarian cancer are characterized by more severe symptoms and can even lead to the complete removal of the ovaries, uterus and other organs affected by the tumor. Unfortunately, the survival rate of these patients is very low, and they often have relapse (McGuire, W.P., & Markman, M. (2003). Conclusion Taking the above-mentioned information into consideration, it is possible to draw a conclusion that ovarian cancer is often called the ââ¬Å"silent killerâ⬠because clinically the first manifestations are associated with the spread of the tumor outside the ovary, and sometimes beyond the pelvis. Ovarian cancer can be divided into the following forms, such as primary, secondary, and metastatic. The most common symptoms for ovarian cancer are pain in the abdomen and lower back, accompanied with abdominal distention and ascites. However, these symptoms are typical for a number of benign ovarian tumors. Surgical treatment of ovarian cancer is considered to be the fundamental. The prevention of ovarian cancer is possible through the regular preventive examinations. References Cannistra, S.A. (2004). Cancer of the ovary. N. Engl. J. Med., 351 (24), 2519-29. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra041842 Goff, B. A., Mandel, L. S., Melancon, C. H., Muntz, H. G. (2004). Frequency of Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer in Women Presenting to Primary Care Clinics. American Medical Association, 291 (22), 2705-2712. Grilli, R., Apolone, G., Marsoni, S., Nicolucci, A., Zola, P., & Liberati, A. (1991). The Impact of Patient Management Guidelines on the Care of Breast, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Patients in Italy. Medical Care, 29 (1), 50-63. Johannes, L. (2010, March 9). Test to Help Determine If Ovarian Masses Are Cancer. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704869304575109703066893506.html Jordan, S., Green, A., & Webb, P. (2006). Benign Epithelial Ovarian Tumours: Cancer Precursors or Markers for Ovarian Cancer Risk? Cancer Causes & Control, 17 (5), 623-632. Jordan, S. J., Purdie, D. M., Green, A. C., & Webb, P. M. (2004). Coffee, Tea and Caffeine and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Cancer Causes & Control, 15 (4), 359-365. Jordan, S. J., Siskind, V., Green, A. C., Whiteman, D. C., & Webb, P. M. (2010). Breastfeeding and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Cancer Causes & Control, 21 (1), 109-116. Kiani, F., Knutsen, S., Singh, P., Ursin, G., & Fraser, G. (2006). Dietary Risk Factors for Ovarian Cancer: The Adventist Health Study (United States). Cancer Causes & Control, 17 (2), 137-146. King, M., Marks, J. H., Mandell, J. B. (2003). Breast and Ovarian Cancer Risks Due to Inherited Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. The New York Breast Cancer Study Group Science, New Series, 302 (5645), 643-646. Kuper, H., Cramer, D. W., & Titus-Ernstoff, L. (2002). Risk of Ovarian Cancer in the United States in Relation to Anthropometric Measures: Does the Association Depend on Menopausal Status? Cancer Causes & Control, 13 (5), 455-463. McGuire, W.P., & Markman, M. (2003). Primary ovarian cancer chemotherapy: current standards of car e. Br. J. Cancer, 89 (3), 3-8. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6601494. Modugno, F., Moslehi, R., Ness, R. B., Nelson, D. B., Bell, S., Kant, J. A., Wheeler, J. E., Fishman, D., Karlan, B., Risch, J., Cramer, D. W., Dube, M., & Narod, S. A. (2003). Reproductive factors and ovarian cancer risk in Jewish BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (United States). Cancer Cause and Control, 14, 439-446. Rossing, M. A., Tang, M. C., Flagg, E. W., Weiss, L. K., Wicklund,
Saturday, November 9, 2019
Public Private Partnership in the Philippines Essay
Methodology The researcher used the historical research method that provided information on the value of Public-Private Partnership in Philippine Infrastructure Construction. The data provides an overview on how valuable, whether it be for the benefit or detriment of the country, PPP projects are in the socio-economic paradigm. The gathered data were from relevant books, research papers, government data, and thru papers released by relevant parties. What is Publicââ¬âPrivate Partnership? Publicââ¬âprivate partnership (PPP) describes a government service or private business venture which is funded and operated through a partnership of government and one or more private sector companies. These schemes are sometimes referred to as PPP, P3 or P3. 1 1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public%E2%80%93private_partnership 1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public%E2%80%93private_partnership One of the possible reasons why PPP is the format as to how the Philippine government is conducting most of its high budgeted infrastructure projects is clearly stated by Ferreira and Khatami ââ¬Å"The private sector is playing an increasingly crucial role in the financing and provision of services that were traditionally the domain of the public sector. One of the key reasons is that governments are unable to cope with the ever-increasing demands on their budgets. Most infrastructure expenditures in developing countries have been funded directly from fiscal budgets but several factors such as macroeconomic instability and growing investment requirements have shown that public financing is volatile and, in many countries, rarely meet crucial infrastructure expenditure requirements in a timely and adequate manner.â⬠PPP involves a contract between a public sector authority and a private party, in which the private party provides a public service or project and assumes substantial financial, technical and operational risk in the project. In some types of PPP, the cost of using the service is borne exclusively by the users of the service and not by the taxpayer. In other types (notably the private finance initiative), capital investment is made by the private sector on the strength of a contract with government to provide agreed services and the cost of providing the service is borne wholly or in part by the government. Government contributions to a PPP may also be in kind (notably the transfer of existing assets). In projects that are aimed at creating public goods like in the infrastructure sector, the government may provide a capital subsidy in the form of a one-time grant, so as to make it more attractive to the private investors. In some other cases, the government may support the project by providing revenue subsidies, including tax breaks or by providing guaranteed annual revenues for a fixed period. 2 2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public%E2%80%93private_partnership 2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public%E2%80%93private_partnership PPP in the Philippines The Philippines has a long history of public-private partnership (PPP) initiatives, which serve as a rich basis for future investments. As of now it is a priority of the Benigno Aquino III Administration probably due to its perceived socio economic benefits not only in the usual infrastructure projects like roads, expressways, bridges, transportation terminals etc., it is also going after sectors like information and communications, healthcare, etc. One of the forefront departments involved in Infrastructure development and PPPs is the Department of Public Works and Highways. As Infrastructures are means for our country to regain and sustain high economic growth, improve the social living standards of the people and remove the bottlenecks to international commerce and investment. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is seen as ââ¬Å"approach to invest resources for adequate road infrastructure. The Government has fewer resources to invest on Expressways. DPWH will undertake the reforms needed to create a more conducive environment for private business and help generate many more bankable projects.3â⬠DPWH PROJECTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION IN 2011 1. NAIA Expressway (Phase II) 2. NLEx-SLEx Link Expressway (Unsolicited Proposal) 3. 3 Department of Public Works and Highways, PPP Projects 3 Department of Public Works and Highways, PPP Projects Daang Hari ââ¬â SLEx Link | There were 10 PPPs announced for bidding in 2010, 4 were airport projects. The PPPs included: * the Cavite-Laguna Expressway project, * NAIA Expressway II, * LRT 2 East Extension projectââ¬â¢ * Privatization of LRT-1 O&M, * Privatization of MRT-3 O&M, * LRT 1 Cavite Extension project, * Bohol Airport, * Puerto Princesa Airport, * New Legaspi (Daraga) airport, and * Privatization of O&M of Laguindingan airport. But some of these projects were shelved because the government wanted to be prudent about the structure and rules under which these would be bid out to private investors. Feasibility studies also took a lot of time. 4 4 Why the Initial 10 PPPââ¬â¢s were designed to fail by AYA LOWE 4 Why the Initial 10 PPPââ¬â¢s were designed to fail by AYA LOWE Rene Santiago, a transportation consultant said that opportunity losses due to delays in the PPPs are mounting. For the LRT-1 Cavite extension alone, he estimated the loss at P80 billion in the last 10 years. Santiago also estimated the losses for 2011 to 2013 to total P25 billion in economic costs. The value of the economic benefit loss of the LRT-2 east extension, which would not be completed until 2016, according to Santiago, is already P5.4 billion, more than half the cost of the project itself, which is P9 billion. According to Santiago, Manila was first among ASEAN countries to set up an urban railway ââ¬â the LRT-1 built in the 1980s. ââ¬Å"Many of ASEAN countries have now overtaken Manila,â⬠he said, however.ââ¬Å" From now until 2020, expect the Philippines to lag behind other countries in terms of railway projects,â⬠he said. Based on the researched data Public Private partnership for infrastructures benefits are as follows: * It could increase and give greater infrastructure solutions due to private companies having more resources for research and development and use of innovative technology. * It will offer faster project completion and reduced delays because it skips most of the government red tape present in normal construction and funding is internal to the private sector so there are no projected delays due to budget release. * Its return of investment (ROI) is greater when compare to traditional methods, due to innovative design and financing approaches because of the experience of the private sector in marketing. * Risks are weighted from initial conceptual stages to determine the feasibility of a certain project * The operational and project execution risk is transferred totally to the private sector, leaving the public component on a win-win situation * It is a concept where early completion of the infrastructure is expected under expected budget, reducing the claims and change order process due to it being similar to a developers scenario. * It allows government funds to be re-directed to other important socio-economic areas because funding of projects are done by the private sector. * Reduces government budget and budget deficits, because the government is virtually getting an infrastructure for free. * Public Private partnership allows a reduce tax payment from users similar to the subsidies of the government in LRT, MRT. * Allows the government to direct the expected function of the project in accordance to their own interests But not everything is good about PPP, listed are some of the determined drawbacks: * PPPs have risks involved, and the government will the pay the price to transfer those risks to the private sector, risks like bankruptcy, possible failure of the project during operation. * Certain situations can affect the purity of the process due to specialized areas being improved, reducing the number of contractors available to perform the requested projects wherein sometimes monopoly of contracts happen. * Profits of the projects can vary depending on the assumed risk, competitive level, complexity and volume of the project being performed * Government representative must be highly specialized personnel and contracting experts mostly people from concerned agencies like DOT and DPWH have to have these kind highly trained personnel. CONCLUSION Based on the data gathered the proponent of the study has come to the following conclusion, the benefits of Public Private Partnership further outweighs its detriments as some of the drawbacks can be easily averted through proper project planning and control and preparation. For PPP to be successful, the government and the private sectors involved must do it in with careful urgency. The Philippines is a developing country as such progress and infrastructures needed to elevate our status would be beneficial if achieved in the shortest amount of time as possible, but these projects, if without ample considerations, may initially look promising but in the end may cause a lot of problems, and instead of helping become one of those elements that keep slowing the country down.
Thursday, November 7, 2019
Minnesota essays
Minnesota essays Location............................................................ P.1 Early Historical Facts............................................. P.3 Flag.................................................................. P.4 Seal.................................................................. P.5 Bird.................................................................. P.6 Flower............................................................... P.7 Song................................................................. P.8 Weather............................................................. P.9 Governor........................................................... P.10 Senators............................................................ P.11 Representatives................................................... P.12 Population......................................................... P.13 How do People Make a Living?..................................... P.14 Employment......................................................... P.15 School.............................................................. P.16 Universities......................................................... P.17 Philosophy of Education........................................ P.18 Bibliography....................................................... P.19 The location of Minnesota is 90 degrees west (longitude) by 40 degrees north (latitude). It is located in the northern region of North America, and it covers about 86,943 miles (squared) of U.S territory. It borders North Dakota (to the North West), South Dakota (to the South West), Iowa (to the South), Wisconsin (to the East), and Canada (to the North). Out of all the great lakes Minnesota borders Lake Superior. Some of Minnesota&ap...
Tuesday, November 5, 2019
How to Make a Family Photo Calendar From Scratch
How to Make a Family Photo Calendar From Scratch Looking for a personalized gift that will be enjoyed year-round? Its easy to create your own personalized photo calendar. Include images of friends, family, ancestors, or special places on your calendar to remind you of special people or events. Make your own calendar for grandma of the grandkids, or one of yourself for the special person in your life. Photo calendars are a thoughtful, inexpensive gift that can be used every day of the year. Select Your Pictures Find pictures from your collection that suit your fancy, and use your scanner to make them digital. If you dont own a scanner, then your local photo shop can scan the pictures and place them on a CD/flash drive for you or upload them to an online service. Dont be afraid to get creative and branch out from traditional photographs - scanned copies of a childs artwork or family mementoes (letters, medals, etc.) also make nice calendar photos. Prepare Your Photos Once you have your photos in digital format, use photo-editing software to add captions, or rotate, resize, crop, or enhance the pictures to best fit your calendar. Create the Calendar ââ¬â¹If youd like to create and print a photo calendar yourself, specialized calendar software programs make a printable calendar as easy as drag-and-drop. You may also already have software right on your computer which will do the job. Many word-processing programs, such as Microsoft Word, include basic calendar templates, as do many photo-editing programs. A number of free downloadable calendar templates can also be found online. As an alternative, there are many calendar printing services and copy shops which can create a personalized photo calendar for you using your photos and special dates. Some of the most popular and versatile include: ShutterflyMixbookPicabooSnapfish Personalize Your Calendar Once you create your calendar pages, its time to customize. Go beyond the basic calendar by adding your own custom colors and fonts. Unlike bland, mass-produced calendars, each month can have a different theme. Match photos to the months theme- a photo of your parents on the month of their wedding anniversary, or a closeup of the family Christmas tree and its treasured ornaments for the month of December.Add personal dates, including birthdays, anniversaries, holidays, and other significant events. Not sure when Thanksgiving or Mothers Day falls this year? Check out holiday calendars for a wide range of national and holiday dates.Keep family history alive by including photos of your ancestors and major events from your familys past. You may be surprised to find how many of your family members share birth dates with their ancestors. Print Your Calendar Once youve finished designing your photo calendar, its time to print. If you plan to print the calendar yourself at home, begin by printing the photo pages- one for each month- preferably on good quality photo paper. Once completed, youll need to reload the printed photo pages into your printer in order to print the monthly grids on the other side of the pages. Remember that each months picture appears on the opposite side of the previous month; for example, you should print Februarys monthly grid on the back of Marchs photo. Make sure that you understand which side and end of the paper your printer begins to print from, to avoid mistakes with page orientation. If youre using a special calendar software program, look for specific directions and tips for printing your calendar. Alternatively, many copy shops can print and assemble your finished photo calendar for you from your saved copy on disk. Be sure to check with them before starting to see what file formats they accept. Add Finishing Touches After youve printed and double-checked your finished calendar pages, you may want to take them to your local copy center to have them spiral-bound for a more professional look. Alternatively, use a paper punch and bind the pages with brads, ribbon, raffia, or other connectors. Enjoy your custom family calendar. And make sure youre prepared to repeat the project next year, because people will definitely ask!
Sunday, November 3, 2019
Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 9
Reflection - Essay Example I am a thorough optimist, and there is no scope for pessimism in my scheme of things. I compare the life to a sea. In the sea the waves are bound to be there. Having gone for the sea bath, there is no question of being afraid of the oncoming waves. If the waves are powerful Iââ¬â¢ll duck them. When and waves are friendly, Iââ¬â¢ll dance with them. When the waves are normal Iââ¬â¢ll swim towards my destination. Just like swimming becomes more and more perfect by experience, taking decisions in life is a matter of practice, based on the strength of the past experiences and guidance from teachers and elders. I will never admit defeat in my life on any issue and work hard and intelligently to achieve my goals. My career ambition is to occupy the chair of Principal in an educational institution. I am fully aware that this is a chair of dual responsibility. Firstly that of exercising overall control on the teaching system in the institution and secondly related to office administr ation. Both are equally important. The parents would like to admit their wards in an educational institution that is administered well. I would like to be an instrument to further the goodwill of the institution created by the past administrators/principals and in the light of the knowledge gained, I would like to experiment my own innovative ideas. Pessimism has no scope in my scheme of things. The wise saying goes, ââ¬Ëthose who walk only stumble.ââ¬â¢ So willingness to walk forward is of utmost importance, notwithstanding the occasional failures. 2. Extrinsic Motivation 1. Peaceful 2. Cooperation 3. Flexibility status (level in society) 4. Power (influence) 5. Teamwork Intrinsic Motivation 1. Creativity 2. Freedom 3. Organized 4. Competence (effective) 5. Adventure (new and challenging experiences) Having chosen my future career as the Principal of an educational institution, I know that I have got to imbibe the sterling qualities of leadership in students and the members o f the faculty. Internal motivators indicate the strength of the inner world of an individual. I am aware that I need to be morally strong and should inspire both the members of the faculty as well as the students. I believe in mixing freely with the faculty and students and at the same time keep the dignity of the chair of the Principal. I know that I have to be disciplined first and then expect discipline from others. I treat every crisis as an opportunity I would like to provide full freedom for all their creative endeavors. I am prepared to condone hundred mistakes for success of one creative, original result, if in the pursuit of that one has worked sincerely. I work for the sake of work and without any motivated desires and my single-pointed aim is to bring name and fame to the educational institution that I will be heading. I do not have any craze for personal secular rewards, but my desire is that my institution should set high educational standards. Some of the examples of b ehavior of intrinsic motivation are participating in the music competition, because one finds that activity internally rewarding. One gets the inner joy that cannot be estimated in monetary terms. Some individuals choose the tough career options like music, over the safe careers like engineering, medical practitioner, even though in the former the reward aspect is difficult to achieve. One may or may not succeed as the musician considered from
Thursday, October 31, 2019
INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
INVENTORY MANAGEMENT - Term Paper Example Kraft was founded in 1903 and currently operates in the United States and Canada. Pepsi Company manages three types of inventories. These are: raw materials, work in progress and finished goods. Kraft Foods Company maintains two kinds of inventory: raw materials and finished products. Raw materials comprise unprocessed items to be consumed in the production process. Raw materials also include purchased components that will be used in making the finished product. Work-in-progress comprises partially completed merchandise in terms of raw materials, costs and labor. Finished product include merchandise held by the company that is readily available for sale (Olson, 2011). How Pepsi and Kraft Foods goods and service design concepts are integrated Pepsi Company employs a vendor managed inventory system to integrate goods and service. The design manager is responsible for hands on design and design management of branding and packaging. The supply chain managers play an active role in the in ventory optimization to address the factor of variability in supply of key commodities and seasonal variability in consumer demand. The supplier assumes the responsibility for management of a retailerââ¬â¢s inventory. Kraft Foods Company owns the product until it crosses the checkout counter. The grocery store acts as the broker between the producer and the consumer. The managers of both companies along with other employees integrate products design by identifying customer needs, generation of product concepts, prototyping and design-for-manufacturing. The role of inventory in Pepsi and Kraft foods performance, operational efficient and customer satisfaction Getting a product or service to the right place at the right time in the modern business remains a challenge, as most businesses have to grapple between the cost of maintaining huge inventory while operating efficiently and effectively. Pepsi maintains a stock of inventory up to a period of twelve days (Hieber, 2002). At the same time, Pepsi Company employs an N-tier demand management, which is a classic bull-whip. N-tier demand management seeks to further suppliers from customers as far as possible. An N-tier demand management helps the company and suppliers to see the final consumer demand at the same time (Radhakrishnan, 2001). Kraft Food Company adopts just in time mode of inventory, where the company makes just the right amount of products for the market and gets them quickly into the consumersââ¬â¢ hands, thus customer satisfaction. By keeping inventory at the lowest, Kraft Foods Company operates efficiently as low level of inventory helps in freeing up the cash. In turn, this results in operational efficiency. Similarities and differences of 4 different types of layouts and the importance of the layouts For an organization to have a successful manufacturing unit, it is pertinent that special care and attention is given to the layout of the facility (Radhakrishnan, 2001). Facility layout refers to the arrangement of diverse components of manufacturing in a suitable way in order to produce preferred production outcomes. Both Pepsi Company and Kraft foods operate four different kinds of layouts. Among the four, three kinds of layout operate in a similar manner. These layouts are: the fixed position layout, hybrid layout and the cell layout (Olson, 2011). The cell layout seeks to lessen the complexity of process and product layouts. A cell layout divides resources
Tuesday, October 29, 2019
Milky way Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Milky way - Essay Example 324). As one looks at the night sky, they observe a hazy band of white light that they always infer to be the Milky Way. Apparently, this is not true because every star and celestial body seen by the naked eye in the night sky all belong in the Milky Way. However, the band of white light comes about as a result of the accumulation of unresolved stars and other materials. A dark region can also be observed within the white band. The shaded area corresponds to blocked light from the distant star by interstellar dust. The Milky Way mainly consists of a bulging center and a spiral disk. The spiral disk can further be classified into a thin and thick disk. The flat disk rises about a 1000 light years below and above the galactic mid-plane, and the thick disk extends to about 3500 light years on both sides of the plane. When one considers the flatness of the galaxy then the galactic disk is said to be 120,000 light-years across. Our sun is about 28,000 light-years from the galactic center within the thin disk. There is also a halo that surrounds the entire disk, but it is not visible because of its dark matter composition. The Milky Way consists of many stars. These stars vary in lots of ways, from their individual size to their composition. The stars also vary depending on where they are found within the galactic disk, for example, those in the halo differ from those found on the disk. Consequently, they are said to belong to different stellar population. The mass of a star also translates to its life span; their weight is usually measured in terms of solar mass. The lighter the solar mass the longer the stars life span. The Milky Way is just one galaxy in a collection of a group of galaxies called the Local group. The Milky Way moves at 300 km/sec in the direction of the constellation Virgo. The Milky Way is in constant movement with the other galaxies in the Local Group. The galaxies found within the local
Sunday, October 27, 2019
The Importance Of Fuel And Technology Environmental Sciences Essay
The Importance Of Fuel And Technology Environmental Sciences Essay I am researching these topics because it has a lot in common. Fuel energy and technology is a very interesting topic, they are the most useful things by human being, it is used for important things and this will help me know more about the history of fuel and technology, I am a person that likes a lot technology because is different of other things. Without technology, fossil fuels cannot be extracted in an easier way because technology gives details of ground and how fuels companies can extract petroleum from the earth. Fossil fuels provides 66% of the world electrical power and 95% of the world energy demand and we need to have in count that fuel energy and technology is our principal source of transportation. Fossil fuels, coal, oil and natural gas, are a non-renewable source of energy. Formed from plants and animals that lived up to 300 million years ago, fossil fuels are found in deposits beneath the earth. The fuels are burned to release the chemical energy that is stored within this resource. Energy is essential to modern society as we know it. Over 85% of our energy demands are met by the combustion of fossil fuels. Fuel is one of the most used earth product because in the entire world fuel energy is used to make a lot of important things such as vehicles gas, cells, etc. Fuel is any material that can be used to generate energy to produce mechanical work in a controlled manner and the processes used to convert fuel into energy include chemical reactions, such as combustion, and nuclear reactions, such as nuclear fission or nuclear fusion. Fuels are also used in the cells of organisms in a process known as metabolism. Hydrocarbons are by far the most common source of fuel in current u se, but many other substances can be used as well. The most interesting case about fuel energy is how it was create or how human being in the past thousand years has the incredible idea to perform energy source, fuel energy was first starts with wood. It was one of the first fuels used by humans and is still the primary energy source in much of the world. These discover was performed by home erectus near 2 million years ago. A very important thing to say is that without fuel, our technology never will be developed because without that, cars, airplanes and all types of vehicles will not work. Fossil fuels exist long before dinosaurs roamed the Earth. These are made up of plant and animal matter. When plants and animals died, their bodies decomposed and were buried under layers of earth. Millions of years later we have the three forms of fossil fuel: Oil, Natural gas and Coal. The advantages of fossil fuels is that they produces a lot of electricity especially coal, its cheap, transporting coal and gas is easy and power station that run on gas are very efficient and the disadvantages is that burning fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide which result in greenhouse gases that mean global warning alert, burning coal produce more carbon dioxide than gas and oil and it also produces sulphur dioxide that causes acid rain. According to scientists burning fossil fuels produces 20 billion of carbon dioxide every year and the earth natural process can only absorbs 20 billion tons of carbon dioxide and the remaining carbon dioxide goes to the atmosphere and contributes to global warni ng. The oil is found way down in the ground, usually between layers of rock. To get oil out, a well is dug. Digging a well is like putting a straw into a can of pop. The oil is then pumped out of the ground, just like when you suck pop up the straw. Oil is carried in pipelines and large tanker ships. A refinery changes the oil into products like gasoline, jet fuel and diesel fuel. Its also burned in factories and power plants to make electricity Natural gas is made out of methane, which is a simple chemical compound made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms and this gas is highly flammable. Natural gas is found near oil in the ground. Its pumped, just like oil, from wells that tap into the source and send it to large pipelines. Because you cant smell or see natural gas, it is mixed with a chemical to give it a stinky smell like rotten eggs. For thousands of years man has depended on fossil fuels as his primary energy source. Chapter 3Ãâà Technology Technology is the process by which humans modify nature to meet their needs and wants. Technology means computers and software, aircraft, pesticides, plasma TVs, birth-control pills, and microwave ovens, to name a few. But technology is more than these tangible products. Human being has found the correct way to make life easier and effective. Technology is what the world needs to develop in the faster and easier way, with technology everything can become possible and everyday technology is growing up. The use of the term technology has changed significantly over the last 200 years. Before the 20th century, the term was uncommon in English, and usually referred to the description or study of the useful arts. Technology is meant to be our future of our life. Technology can be most broadly defined as the entities, both material and immaterial, created by the application of mental and physical effort in order to achieve some value. In this usage, technology refers to tools and machines t hat may be used to solve real-world problems. With technology this world will have a better future and we will have a better lifestyle with a healthy and long life because technology is what is changing this world. It is true that technology is also bringing a lot of problems for todays young society because they are getting in their own world using internet, PlayStation etcâ⬠¦this is making childhood to be dependent of themselves and they dont do activities like sports going out with friends or interacting with family so this is the mayor problem of technology, people are getting addicted of excessive uses of technology because is more easier so they get lazy. It is the current state of humanitys knowledge of how to combine resources to produce desired products, to solve problems, fulfill needs, or satisfies wants. It includes technical methods, skills, processes, techniques, tools and raw materials. Conclusion In the world exist a lot of problems about global warming and this is happening because fuel energy extract, but we can be intelligent and take care of our planet and contributes in saving water, dont destroying our habitat, the world is created for us to live and is our home so it is incredible how humanity is destroying the world without thinking of a world destruction or humanity destruction. Fuel energy and technology is of great importance in the entire world because without this our advanced things like computers, motor vehicles, electronic devices, internet our world will not work as efficient as it is working todays days, everything is easier than the last 100 years. These two resources give a great contribution to the world. Technology gives a better way of communication and fuel a better way of transportation. Resources http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology/ http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology http://technology.blogs.ie.edu/ http://www.kidzworld.com/article/1423-fossil-fuel-energy http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/chapter08.html Home www.google.com www.wikipedia.com
Friday, October 25, 2019
Susan Glaspells Trifles and A Jury of Her Peers Essay -- Susan Glaspe
In the early 1900's Susan Glaspell wrote many works, two stand out, the play "Trifles" and the short story "A Jury of Her Peers". Trifles was written in 1920, while "A Jury of Her Peers" was written the following year. Trifles was written in only ten days. The true greatness of these works were not recognized until the 1970's. In the short story "A Jury of Her Peers" a woman named Minnie Wright is accused of the murder of her husband. Minnie Wright is a farmer's wife and is also isolated from the out side world. There is an investigation that takes place in the home of the murder. There are three men that are involved on the case and two women accompany, but are not there to really help solve the murder. These two women will solve the murder and protect Mrs. Wright of any wrongdoing. The women will justify to themselves, that the murder was justifiable. The three men seek out to find motive, but they never do and the case will go unsolved. Glaspell uses symbolism as her a literary device to illuminate her theme. The symbols include: a jar of cherries, a bird, a quilt, kitchen, an even the type of knot that was used for her quilt. All of these details will help the two women justify the murder of Mr. Wright. I wish to show how Glaspell uses symbolism to justify the murder. I also wish to show how a dis turbed farm-womon will get away with murder because of two farmwomen helping her, by getting rid of valuable evidence. In the short story "A Jury of Her Peers" Glaspell first uses the kitchen as her first use of symbolism, to show disarray. According to one critic Kathleen Wilson"The kitchen is described as being in disorder with unwashed pans under the sink, a dishtowel left on table, a loaf of bread outside the breadbox, and other disarray. This gives the impression of no attention having been paid to cleaning up either recently or usually" (Wilson 3). The room has faded wallpaper, an old black stove, and an old iron sink with a hand pump and no curtains at the one window. The unpainted table at the center sounds old and utilitarian. The description suggests a very uninviting room with no frills or anything to brighten the area. Nothing frivolous or feminine, like flowers or colorful plates are described as being in the room. Now these are details that were very thought out to help give the reader more ambition to find their own explana... ...tchen, and the knot that was used for her quilt. I am sympathetic to Minnie being abused by her husband, but I still think that murder was not the answer to her problems. Works Cited Alkalay-Gut, Karen."' Jury of Her Peer': The Importance of Trifles." Studies in Short Fiction 21 (1989): 1-9 Ben-Zvi, Linda. "'Murder, She Wrote': The Genesis of Susan Glaspell's Trifles." Theate Journal 44 (1992): 1-21 Glaspell, Susan. "A Jury of Her Peers". Literature and the Writing Process. Elizabeth McMahan, Susan X Day, and Robert Funk. 5th Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice, 1999. 281-294. Maillakais, Mike."A Woman's Place: Literary Background for Glaspell's Trifles." Susan Glaspell Trifles. Dr. Jim Wohlpart and Lisa Crocker. Web. 22 Nov. 2014. http://itech.fgcu.edu/faculty/wohlpart/alra/glaspell.htm Smith, Beverly A. "Women's Works-Trifles The Skill and Insights of Playwright Susan Glaspell."International Journal of Women's Studies 5 (1982): 172-184 Wilson, Kathleen. Susan Glaspell's' A Jury of Her Peers'." Women's Studies 12 (1986): 89-110. Rpt. in Short Stories for Students. Vol. 3. Detroit: Gale, 1998. Literature Resource Center. Web. 22 Nov. 2014.
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